Description of Problems with Ventilation Systems and Boiler Mechanisms and Their Solutions
In this article, we will examine the main problems of the mechanisms of ventilation systems and boiler rooms, as well as propose possible solutions to improve their operation.
Description of the Problem | Recommended Solution | Results |
Sharp current spikes during startup require the use of large diameter wires. This can lead to overloads, voltage drops in the electrical network, and increases the likelihood of failures in the operation of contact equipment. | The use of frequency converters and soft starter devices significantly reduces or completely eliminates current spikes and voltage drops. This also eliminates mechanical shocks that occur during startup. | The risks of breakdowns and failures are reduced, the lifespan of system components is extended, and maintenance and repair costs are lowered. |
In the absence of soft starter devices or when using damper control, the rotation of the shaft remains unchanged, leading to increased wear on drive parts and additional electricity consumption. | Implementing a PID controller in the frequency converter allows for smooth adjustment of the rotation frequency based on the pressure in the duct, selecting the optimal operating mode for the system. At minimal loads, it is possible to switch to "sleep mode," which optimizes energy consumption. | The need for dampers is eliminated, the lifespan of components and parts is extended, electricity is saved, and maintenance costs are reduced. |
In case of emergency situations (belt breakage, filter blockage, incomplete closure of the damper), serious disruptions in the technological process may occur. | The "load loss protection" function in the converter automatically monitors the drive load. If it drops below an acceptable level, a safe emergency stop of the system occurs. | Maintenance and repair costs are reduced, losses from process disruptions are minimized, and the likelihood of breakdowns is decreased. |
Large values of moment of inertia may cause shafts and fans to rotate after a brief power outage. Existing backdraft can lead to reverse rotation, putting the mechanism under significant load. | The use of frequency converters significantly reduces or eliminates mechanical and current loads, extending the lifespan of parts and components. | Maintenance and repair costs are reduced. |
Advantages of Using Soft Starter Devices
Using soft starter devices in ventilation, air conditioning, and smoke extraction systems has numerous advantages:
- Peak startup currents are significantly reduced;
- Voltage drops in the network are eliminated;
- Slippage of drive belts is excluded;
- There are no mechanical shocks during startup.
Advantages of Frequency Converters
Frequency converters in the control systems of exhaust fans and blowers provide the following benefits:
- Reduction of electricity costs by 10-50%;
- Elimination of dampers;
- Reduction or complete elimination of current loads;
- Slippage of drive belts is prevented;
- Automatic adjustment of the drive shaft rotation speed according to the load;
- Avoidance of complete restart of the technological process during brief power outages (the "catch-up" function).
Integration into Automation Systems
The use of frequency converters and soft starter devices facilitates the integration of the control system for fans and blowers into the overall automation system of the enterprise. The application of additional controllers allows for the display of control and indicator devices on a single dispatching panel.