Submersible pumps for pumping station
Without installing an automatic water supply system, there is no need to talk about a comfortable life in a country house without a centralized water supply One, if not the only, way to solve this issue is a pumping station for the house ); font-family:myriad,helvetica,tahoma,arial,clean,sans-serif; font-size:12px"> In the courtyard of most country houses there is a well with a depth more than 15 m. The installation of a pumping station assumes that a pump is immersed in the well shaft (into the water), a pipe goes from it to a special storage tank (hydraulic accumulator, GA) through a pressure switch. The tank itself is connected with its second output to the pipeline of the general house water distribution system In other words, next: water – pump – pipeline – pressure switch – hydraulic accumulator – water distribution system with taps Let's consider one of the key elements of this scheme – submersible pump
Pumps
An assembled pumping station sold in a store is in most cases not suitable for water supply to a country house, since it is based on a conventional centrifugal pump designed to work on the surface. Imagine that we place such a station near the well, and down Let's lower the hose for pumping While the distance to the water surface is less than 10 m, the pump can pump it, if more – it is useless. The fact is that every ten meters of depth creates a pressure of 1 atmosphere, counteracting the vacuum created by the pump. Thus, on our planet, by creating a vacuum in the supply pipe, it is impossible to raise a column of water to the surface if the height is more than 10 m Another thing is a well on Everest, but finding an underground source there is still that task. Note that the indicated 10 m – this is a theoretical limit, in practice, the permissible depth is 5-7 m. Injection pumps, in which part of the injected water is fed back, providing an inextricable column of liquid, can partially overcome this limitation. However, they are difficult to operate and their installation for a domestic pumping station is irrational
But the submersible pump for the pumping station is based on a completely different principle of operation. Such models have a sealed housing and a resin-filled output of the power cable, therefore they are able to work under water Externally, submersible pumps for the pumping station are metal cylinders with a power cable and a branch pipe for connection of a pipe or hose The body has two lugs, with which the device and the cable holding it are joined
Water immersion depth is specified in – usually it is no more than 2 meters
Diversity of solutions
Submersible pumps differ in the principle of operation, characteristics and cost The most inexpensive – vibrating Inside the case there is an electromagnet consisting of two parts "П"; - figurative form One part (with winding) is filled with resin, and the other – movable When voltage is applied, a magnetic field arises that attracts the moving part, on which the rod and the rubber piston are located. At this time, a vacuum is created in the suction chamber of the submersible pump by the outgoing piston and water enters through the valves. In the next half-cycle (recall the AC sinusoid), the field disappears and a special vibrator throws the entire system with the stem back. Since water can only enter the chamber through the fungal valves, it has only one way to go – up, into the outlet pipe, along the stamped channels in the body The sinusoid crosses zero and everything repeats Thus, the submersible pump for the pumping station uses a valve system, a piston and an electromagnet The design is incredibly simple
The vibration pump as part of the pumping station has the following advantages:
- low cost Other things being equal, the price of a centrifugal submersible analogue is at least 5-6 times higher;
- repair and maintenance can be done on your own, literally "on your knees";
- low power consumption, rarely exceeding 300W, resulting in significant energy savings
Nevertheless, it is not always advisable to use vibration pumps as part of pumping stations. And here's why:
- during operation, vibration is created, which is transmitted through the mass of water to the walls of the well Contrary to popular belief, concrete rings do not collapse, but if the mine is simply dug in clay and is not lined at the bottom, then gradual collapse of rocks and silting cannot be avoided Of course, this happens not immediately, but in 5-10 years, depending on the characteristics of the soil. Therefore, the well must be cleaned periodically;
- but vibration affects the well much worse, gradually destroying the insulation between the rings;
- if the accumulator is located in the house, then the rumble of the operating pump will be clearly audible Especially if a rigid water supply pipe to the HA is used;
- an audit is required twice a year, which consists in checking the condition of the rubber piston, vibrator and valves;
- strong dependence on the parameters of the electrical network: too much voltage leads to premature wear of the piston, and too little – to a drop in performance
The next type of pumps – auger Inside the body there is a "worm", similar to the one in meat grinders. Rotating, it pushes water up into the supply pipe. Outwardly, such models can be difficult to distinguish from more expensive centrifugalA significant drawback – fragility of the "worm": the material is gradually "eaten away"; particles dissolved in water
And finally, the most popular – centrifugal submersible pumps They use a system of wheels that push water upwards The material can be metal or polymer compounds A high-quality model can work without being removed from the well for up to 7 years Subject to the operating rules, they are one of the most reliable There are only two drawbacks: the power consumption exceeds a kilowatt, and the cost is comparable to the lower level of monthly salaries of the average city dweller