Geothermal Pumps: A Modern Solution for Your Home
A geothermal pump is an efficient system that can be used for heating and cooling spaces. In winter, it operates as a heating system, while in summer it functions as air conditioning.
Geothermal heat pumps, or GHP (Geothermal Heat Pump), have gained popularity in many countries due to their energy efficiency. Such systems are actively used in Canada, the USA, and European Union countries.
The first use of geothermal pumps occurred during the energy crisis of 1973. Countries began to understand the advantages of these systems and quickly transitioned to geothermal heating and cooling. By 1978, during the second wave of the energy crisis, many people were able to avoid serious issues thanks to these technologies.
Widespread Use of Geothermal Pumps Today
Geothermal pumps are now used worldwide:
- The USA produces about one million pumps annually, which are installed in new buildings according to federal law.
- Sweden uses geothermal pumps to heat half of its buildings, with 320 MW of energy provided from the Baltic Sea in Stockholm.
- Germany compensates the costs of installing geothermal pumps, paying 400 marks for 1 kW of energy.
By 2030, geothermal pumps could account for 75% of global heating supply (data from the World Energy Committee).
Principle of Operation of Geothermal Pumps
The principle of operation of a geothermal pump is based on thermal inertia. At a depth of over 6 meters, the temperature of the earth remains stable. In summer, the earth acts as a refrigerant, while in winter, it serves as a heat source. Using water and a system of pipes, energy is transferred to the consumer. The main component is a compressor, which operates using an electric motor.
Advantages of Geothermal Pumps
Among the main advantages of GHP systems:
- Economy: The system can produce 4-7 kW of heat or 20-25 kW of cooling, using only 1 kW of energy.
- Comfort: silent operation and simplicity of management.
- Aesthetic Appearance: modern design of installations fits into any interior, requiring only a small amount of space.
- Environmental Friendliness: the system does not use fuel and does not emit pollutants.
- Safety: the air in the room remains clean and comfortable.
Types of Geothermal Pumps
There are several types of geothermal pumps:
- Open: draw heat from a water body and return cooled water back.
- Closed: heat exchange occurs underground, and only heated or cooled air enters the room. Various designs are possible:
- Horizontal: require significant space underground, usually at a depth of over 1 meter.
- Vertical: take up less space but go deeper into the ground.
- Water: combine the system with a water body, but require adherence to specific depth and water volume requirements.
The geothermal heat pump is an excellent solution for your home!