Compressors: Basics and Applications
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of gases by reducing their volume. It has numerous applications in industry.
Applications of Compressors
Compressors are used in areas such as:
- chemical industry
- oil and gas industry
- automotive industry
- manufacturing industry
- semiconductor production
- pharmaceutical industry
These sectors require significant volumes of air for their operations and production. In most cases, the advantages of compressor systems are achieved through the use of alternating current devices. Yaskawa's equipment has long occupied its niche in the compressor market.
Energy Efficiency of Compressors
Many compressors are equipped with frequency converters, which enhance the energy efficiency of systems and allow the control of compression through engine management rather than diaphragms and valves. Given the high energy prices and increasing competition over costs, new segments are developing in the compressor market, where Yaskawa has the opportunity to compete. The use of alternating current devices in compressors is increasing, opening up new possibilities.
Comparison of Oil-Lubricated and Oil-Free Compressors
In oil-lubricated compressors, oil is introduced into the air flow to cool mechanical systems, similar to four-stroke engines. However, oil-lubricated compressors have a reduced maximum pressure discharge capability.
At the same time, oil-free compressors are multi-stage devices where air is compressed using screws. They can achieve high pressure, and the output volumes can exceed 2000 ft³ (approximately 56,634 m³) per minute at 60°C and atmospheric pressure.
In oil-free compressors, air is compressed through cyclical movements of a piston without the use of oil seals. This limitation is significant in the context of the compressor's temperature ranges. Few oil-free compressors with a power exceeding 20 HP are produced. There are also a number of electric piston compressors for tires and automotive pneumatic equipment that use specially lined cylinders. The cost of using them can be high due to a wide range of power outputs.
Oil-free compressors are widely used in conditions where oil carryover is unacceptable, particularly in environments with a clean atmosphere. If the air is not filtered before entering the compressor, filtration occurs after the compressed air is discharged.